FEATURES OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE

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Abstract

The results of analysis of municipal solid waste management methods on the territory of Ukraine during 2017 are presented. Determined that the main method of municipal solid waste disposal in Ukraine is landfill burial (93.35% of all municipal solid waste). As a result of such way of management, over 1.3 billion tons of municipal solid waste have been accumulated during previous years. Moreover, most landfills  do not comply the requirements of environmental safety. Only 57 landfills from 5434 in Ukraine have filtrate collection system and only 40 have technological capabilities for filtrate neutralization. Only 13 landfills have biogas collection systems, of which 6 landfills burn biogas in a flare, and 7 landfills use cogeneration units. At the same time, in 2017 for reconstruction purposes only 8 000 UAH for each landfill hectare was spent from the state and local budgets, which is catastrophically small for such dangerous objects. There is only one incinerator in Ukraine, which utilizes only 2.48% of the generated waste. Since the incinerator have not effective gas emissions cleaning system, which can remove only  dust and ash particles using electrofilters, all other pollutants are emitted into the environment without neutralization. The implementation of separate collection systems for municipal solid waste has very low speed. Officially today such systems are implemented in 2.9% of localitys in Ukraine, many of which work on small areas or do not work at all. No composting systems for organic waste are used at all. In 2017 less than 0.01% of the municipal solid waste was composted. All this facts testify that today the state does not have a single strategy in the field of municipal solid waste management and the necessary attention to such extremely acute environmental problems.